Bash if grep count. The content of these lines varies.

Bash if grep count. How grep count, with conditions.

Bash if grep count wc -l filename should work. – Jeremiah Jul 7, 2024 · Counting Empty Lines in a File Using Bash Counting empty lines in a file can be easily done using a combination of grep and wc commands. Oct 17, 2024 · side note #1 regarding regex anchors: You should be aware that without anchors, this regex (and the one using grep) will match any of the following examples and more, which Jan 20, 2011 · You don't need to test the output of grep, you can just use grep -q and call grep directly from if as Thomas does in his answer. Is there any way to simply get the total count of the Jan 16, 2025 · To list them: ps aux | awk '{print $7}' | grep -v "?" To count them: ps aux | awk '{print $7}' | grep -v "?" | wc -l You will need to subtract 1 from that number as it includes the top TTY header. sh You can also grep using file globs. To count lines of C++ files (with . -x, --line-regexp Jan 18, 2020 · Why grep is NOT giving correct results is,since it is looking for string in each line and if a line is having more than 1 occurrence of string then also it is counting it as 1 Feb 3, 2022 · Iam trying to count the occurance of a string in a file and have to check the count is greater than particular no. txt. In this instance, that number is 755. *)" file You can also simply grep for one token, and then Bash If Grep: A Quick Guide to Conditional Searches Master conditional logic in your scripts with bash if grep. 0 How do I count number of matched terms and return a value Feb 1, 2024 · While grep is most often used for finding strings and neighboring text, it can be used for counting lines and occurrences as well. d/* are spaced to line up nicely. Stack Exchange Network. 88 in my CF logs. if ! grep -q sysa /etc/passwd ; then grep returns true if it finds the search target, and false if it doesn't. Then I should get the Dec 10, 2024 · grep will return success if it finds at least one instance of the pattern and failure if it does not. Possible changes: You can pipe through sort -nr (and reverse word and May 26, 2010 · To count all occurrences, use -o. To achieve the result you have to use the syntax: count=$(grep -c "$search_line" "$file_to_search") What algorithm does Apr 9, 2016 · OUTPUT='blah blah (Status: 200)' if echo "$OUTPUT" | grep -q "(Status:\s200)"; then echo "MATCH" fi Result: MATCH The if condition is fulfilled if grep returns with exit code Apr 18, 2016 · grep has its own counting flag-c, --count. ) #!/bin/bash May 2, 2023 · All non-trivial Bash scripts need to make decisions. Use wc, originally for word count, I believe, but it can do lines, words, characters, bytes, and the longest line length. txt) bash; if-statement; Share. if evaluation in shells are designed to be Jan 11, 2014 · For instance, I have a file "a. I know you can use the following to compare a list of strings from inputs. But you can easily May 5, 2012 · H ow do I count words using grep command under Linux / Unix like operating systems? You can pass the -c option to grep command to suppress normal output and display Jul 24, 2012 · If you don't need to count the dots, but just remove the penultimate dot and everything afterwards, you can use Bash's built-in string manuipulation. Shell scriptsare a useful feature in the Linux operating system. foo bar baz foo bar foo foo bar bar foo baz foo bar I get this result: $ fgrep -c foo file* file1:2 file2:6 If your file name pattern Jun 10, 2011 · To use grep specifically, you can use the OR operator to allow for both possibilities: grep -c -E "(. I have created a few greps, but none of them work, and I don't In this chapter of bash beginner series, you'll learn about using if-else, nested if else and case statements in bash scripts. g. if stout_cmd1 | Jul 14, 2024 · grep reports "failure" if it fails to find any matching lines. There are a few key differences between these commands: pgrep uses grep-style matching, so e. Improve this answer. (Takes any # of args. I have got a start to my script, however I am now Nov 2, 2010 · grep -Fxvf file1 file2 What the flags mean:-F, --fixed-strings Interpret PATTERN as a list of fixed strings, separated by newlines, any of which is to be matched. Some suggest to use just grep -co foo instead of grep -o Jun 30, 2014 · I know that grep -c 'string' dir returns a list of file names and the number of times that string appeared in each respective file. In addition, the question didn't include checking Sep 4, 2019 · Is there any bash script which can return me a result=true with command grep? Example: There are 1000 records of 103. h extensions), use: codel count -e . This all depends if you are wanting Oct 25, 2014 · Problem Description:-I have a folder which contains so many text files. Oct 20, 2017 · You basically need grep -o which will print only the matched groups and then you can simply find their count using sort and uniq like this $ grep -of pattern_file input_file | sort | Apr 15, 2019 · You can use grep's -v flag to achieve this. Usually when you see something like this (checking the return value of grep) it's checking to see whether the Sep 27, 2017 · The way you use grep here will use the user-supplied string as a regular expression (a pattern, such as cat. 0 if something was found; 1 otherwise. txt > example. h You can also ignore some files/folder May 11, 2012 · I have a file like this: This is a file with many words. LC_ALL=C grep -c / Here Nov 22, 2012 · In count (non-blank) lines-of-code in bash they explain how to count the number of non-empty lines. Hot Network Questions There are clicking sounds behind the radio when circulation is set to internal Sep 21, 2024 · How to count words with multiple files. txt // a. I want to search for a particular string say "string_example" in all files in that folder. ) Here is the code followed by a test file & output. May 11, 2023 · In the above example, grep searched for the pattern pattern in the file dummy. Conditional expressions are essential in shell scripting because they allow us to execute statements based on a specific conditi May 22, 2015 · grep -c is useful for finding how many times a string occurs in a file, but it only counts each occurence once per line. Is . bash with globstar set, or zsh) but it's much simpler and Dec 2, 2019 · It is a command, just like echo or test or grep. For an example : Hey . Can I do a grep 103. -I Ignore binary files (thanks @tongpu, warlock). asked Sep 16, 2013 at Jan 18, 2025 · This is the common shell mistake Redundant cat. txt aaa // b. txt aaa bbb ccc Now I want to know how many times aaa and Mar 18, 2024 · Second, we learned how to pass a Bash variable as an input to grep. Prerequisites Basic understanding of Dec 2, 2010 · If your grep implementation does not count the last line if it's empty, it's severely broken. One can Sep 18, 2008 · From a shell script, how do I check if a directory contains files? Something similar to this if [ -e /some/dir/* ]; then echo "huzzah"; fi; but which works if the directory contains one Oct 14, 2024 · Is there a bash command which counts the number of files that match a pattern? For example, I want to get the count of all files in a directory which match this I`m almost 5 Jul 16, 2024 · Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about May 30, 2012 · Is there a bash or other common unix command line tool that would allow me to count the commas in the line? If necessary, I can write a Python or Perl program to do it, but if Jan 16, 2015 · Hi, how do I grep information base on count[word] ? For example, if i would like to grep the line which count[word] is more than 2. Dec 10, 2024 · It's a simple Python module to count lines with colorful formatting. There'll be a Dec 22, 2021 · To grep with multiple files, just pass the files as arguments. To count the number of lines that a string appears in using grep: $ grep -c Apr 10, 2016 · Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about Jun 21, 2016 · I want to know how many instances of a pattern are found by grep while looking recursively through a directory structure. How to count multiple occurences per line? I'm looking Jan 18, 2025 · If you want to grep to your terminal and print a count of the matches at the end, you can do: grep whatever myfile | tee /dev/tty | wc -l The `if grep` statement in bash allows you to test for the presence of specific text within a file and execute commands based on whether the search was successful or not. xml". I tried something like this: if grep -q "priority=[ >1000 ]" file; then echo "[!] Unnatural priori May 29, 2017 · grep -c string filename grep -c foo bar. An input line of alfalfa would not count as an alfa. My solution is: grep -cve '^\s*$' <file> This searches for lines in <file> the do not match (-v) lines that match the Jan 16, 2025 · (1) Big problem: this solution assumes that the search strings will be separate words. With some care, Apr 24, 2012 · grep -c '\. txt To count all the times port 80 was used. Assumed the file Nov 24, 2019 · If you really want to avoid temporary files then some part of your pipeline should act somehow like sponge. I am in favor of not using a while-read loop in bash where Jul 20, 2022 · However, grep is able to match multiple times per line. All you need is: if prlctl list --info ubuntu-vm | grep -q "State: running"; then echo 'machine is running' else echo 'machine is not running' Apr 29, 2016 · The problem here is that grep some_mask_*. What I would like to do is count the number of unique occurrences when only part of the Jan 7, 2018 · you could write an awk script to count the matches found (and use find or a shell that understands ** for recursion - e. grep -ow -i "and" $1 | wc -l. This can be accomplished by using the shell builtin printf to print the pattern without a following May 21, 2024 · some_var=$(grep -c "some text" /tmp/somePath) From man bash:. foo bar baz foo bar file2. ) Then again, in Bash, you can shopt -s nullglob to Dec 6, 2017 · Gnu grep has a cool -o option that prints each matching pattern on a separate line. It counts all the and in the file, including those that are part of compound words, like Jul 31, 2019 · grep count of a string with a filter condition. (And also a simpler expression. EXIT STATUS The exit status is 0 if selected lines are found, and 1 if not found. Bash With the char ". I have following command to get the count of the string from a file. 0. Try this: echo afoobarfoobar | grep -o foo | wc -l And man grep of course (:. Notes: May 11, 2012 · try. What should I add Mar 15, 2022 · In most cases it is no good idea to use grep to search in CSV files, because grep searches in the whole line instead of the column, you want to search for. I would really like to be able to grep in the output and do different things Apr 8, 2013 · I'm trying to do a recursive grep search such as: See: Bash command to sum a column of numbers. To avoid side channels the number of lines should be passed as the Jun 12, 2012 · I have a file named email. Installation pip install codel Usage. txt is expanded by the shell and not by grep, so most likely you have a file in the directory where grep is executed which matches Jun 29, 2024 · You probably can use the file system itself as a hash table. You can functionize it. The first column shows what words appear, Jun 3, 2024 · Often you may want to use the grep command in Bash to count all occurrences of a specific string in each file in a directory. txt ├── b. cpp and . $ grep -c '^[^#]' file 5 This counts the number of lines that contain a Jan 7, 2012 · How can I count the number of files (in a directory) containing a given string as input in bash/sh? Skip to main content. cpp . Discover how to wield this powerful duo for efficient text searching and Jan 17, 2016 · Since grep -c prints only the number, we need to prefix with the given pattern. If you want to allow Apr 30, 2018 · Actually, the entire loop is unnecessary if you pass all the file names to grep at once. Provide details and share your research! But avoid . 80:' output. Asking for help, clarification, Feb 7, 2011 · The GNU site suggests this nice awk script, which prints both the words and their frequency. Within those of interest I have to count the occurrences of a certain keyword. It doesn't need bash-specific or non-POSIX tricks, or even a named pipe. php | wc -l is the code i use, via ssh it Jul 13, 2024 · How about using --count (-c) for grep and skipping wc? I would expect performance gain. But is there a way for it to display all the ports that were used and how many times it was found in this file. Pseudo-code as follows: for every entry in the ip address file; do let addr denote the ip address; if file "addr" Aug 12, 2013 · The others answered your question, but not your specific situation. How grep count, with conditions. If the count is 0, the script outputs the message Apr 9, 2017 · grep is countig lines, not words, and you would never use sed for this because sed is for simple substitutions on individual lines, that is all. awk '{dups[$1]++} END{for (num in dups) {print num,dups[num]}}' data In awk 'dups[$1]++' command, the variable $1 holds the entire contents of column1 and square Oct 31, 2013 · Here I made a small script that take input from user searching some pattern from a file and displays required no of lines from that file where the pattern is found. Yes, grep is an usual solution, and yes counting new lines with wc -l is also an usual solution. -c Show count of matches. Here is my script: #!/bin/sh if [ grep "\s*oplocks\s=" Oct 16, 2017 · Plain grep -c on the data will count the number of lines that match, not the total number of words that match. $ echo hello | grep hi ; echo $? 1 $ echo hello | Dec 16, 2021 · How do I use grep to count the number of occurrences of a string? input: . So the count given by the first command is wrong if you have dot prefixed Jan 22, 2012 · Because the grep process itself is being returned by ps. On the contrary there are some grep implementations that count the extra bytes found May 21, 2015 · I want to create a grep method which can count the length of the table name, which can't exceed 10 signs. txt | awk '{print $1}' and I get the following result: 1 4 0 8 I'd like to add each of the numbers up to a Feb 18, 2021 · grep 명령은 "global regular expression print"를 의미하며 Linux에서 가장 강력하고 일반적으로 사용되는 명령 중 하나입니다. I need to find if there are less than X occurrences of a substring in a line so I Oct 17, 2022 · Another alternative is to simply test the exit status of grep itself, which will return false (non-zero) if there was no match and true (zero) if there was one, by not using the Nov 6, 2014 · You don't need grep to count the number of lines, wc is sufficient :. Some of the words appear more than once. > and < Jun 26, 2024 · ) of grep. Follow edited Sep 16, 2013 at 15:59. We want to search for the following string inside our /etc/aws/hosts. sh file2. Contrary to popular Feb 8, 2016 · How many lines are in each file. txt Sample outputs: 3. grep and test are spacing-sensitive (or rather, insensitive to any semantics of the bytes in the strings you want to Sep 22, 2008 · There are many ways to do this, using common shell utilities. conf file: Aug 18, 2016 · I understand that grep -c string can be used to count the occurrences of a given string. grep "bash" file1. So what you are seeing is the count Feb 24, 2012 · I have a script that outputs about 10 lines every time if it run. That's to say that if you are testing for the case of FAILURE you must redirect the output of the command to Feb 8, 2016 · i'm working on a small bash script which counts how often a script with a certain name is running. So NOT false (! false) == true. log Where, The grep command is used to Sep 25, 2024 · If you want to omit ALL blank lines from the count, change the grep test from "^" to ". Although this Aug 27, 2021 · if ps | grep | grep -v grep or pgrep are showing two processes then you have two matching processes running. *tok2. Name . txt and find them in your target file like so: Oct 4, 2024 · Via awk:. 12. I've never had a need for awk, so had I not used the Feb 23, 2016 · How to grep nonzero counts: grep -rIcH 'string' . txt like these one : Subject:My test From:my email &lt;myemail@gmail. I also simplified the Aug 18, 2021 · Tour Start here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this site May 10, 2021 · My code right now is grep -R "Marie" file | wc -l but this checks for the word "Marie" in the entire file. Ultimately, what I'm doing is trying to list every file . Mar 6, 2012 · You can use the entire grep pipeline as the condition of the if statement. To count total number of occurrences of word in a file named /etc/passwd root using grep, run: grep -c root /etc/passwd To verify that run: grep --color root Jan 16, 2025 · I run the following command: grep -o "[0-9] errors" verification_report_3. The content of these lines varies. The value returned by that command is used to determine whether or not to execute the clause of the if statement. With the -v, --invert-match option (see below), count Jan 16, 2025 · Is it possible to do a grep count of multiple occurrences in a file in one single command? For example: $ cat > file blah alfa beta blah blah blahgamma gamma I can do: Jan 17, 2016 · I am trying to make a bash script that greps value and output the count and the value together. *dog), not necessarily as a plain fixed string. In this case it's comparing it to 0 (success). Then, we looked at how to incorporate here strings and regular expressions to work with Bash variables Aug 14, 2024 · This will output the number of lines that contain your search string. This doesn't work with the -c flag, as it will only count Jun 27, 2024 · When our server comes up we need to check a file to see how the server is configured. So you could either add an else clause if you want both "does" and "does not" prints, May 31, 2017 · If a script is not working as you expect it to, one of the first things you might want to try is adding set -x before the troublesome spot in the code (in this case, before the grep), Dec 17, 2024 · Here is a simple one-liner. You can only use = and != to test strings. But is there a way to count the number of blank lines in a file? By blank line I Oct 7, 2024 · wc -l does not count lines. Here, the -c option counts the number of matches, and the result is checked with an if statement. With the -v, --invert-match option (see below), count Dec 29, 2024 · My problem was that the file I was trying to grep was a binary file. Bash script to count the number of occurances of a string in a file. Note that grep -c (count) really Mar 11, 2015 · The -m option is probably what you're looking for:. Use grep -q to keep it from printing the match it finds (unless you want that printed). I only want it to check among the favourite_person column. Command substitution allows the output of a command to replace the com‐ mand name. If Nov 30, 2017 · So depending on which direction you test, your grep can fail. grep -c 'Thenis' example. Case Jan 17, 2025 · I am trying to write a shell script that counts the number of occurrences of a string in a file and take some action based on it. You can use the following methods to do so: Method 1: Count Occurrences of String in Each Aug 31, 2016 · I want to grep "priority=" in a file where the value of "priority=" is greater than 1000. (2) Interesting feature: this solution Dec 21, 2020 · Well, if we’re nit-picking to that level, your answer isn’t grep + bash either, since you use sort and uniq. . On windows, the first two characters in the file were little squares. pgrep sh will Sep 5, 2015 · @Tylio - that's not surprising, look at your regex. The -l option tells it to count Apr 8, 2016 · I have to parse huge text files where certain lines are of interest and others are not. | grep -v ':0$'-r Recurse subdirectories. Thus, grep reads from the standard input. Something like this. (Note the indirection use after grep. It's asking for 0 or more instances of anything other than a space, followed by a space, followed by the first thing you matched Aug 29, 2014 · The lines in /etc/pam. 88 if Nov 5, 2010 · If you don't want to pick up the grep process as well (because it too has the pattern it's looking for), you should use the [firstchar]rest grep pattern (or you can use | grep Mar 4, 2021 · I am using grep tool inside a Bash loop to count the number of found unique values inside the population but I would also like to output the found line. ". Improve Aug 1, 2010 · Bash counting with GREP. This approach contrasts with the first one in that, we are not really concerned about a particular value of cpu core id, we just counting Dec 26, 2021 · Suppose I have a string, a="This is a string" and an array, b=("This is my" "sstring") I want to execute an if condition if any substring of a lies in b which is true Dec 2, 2015 · because grep -c needs to read the entire file, to count all the occurrences of the pattern, while grep -q can exit upon seeing the first occurrence of the pattern. com&gt; this is third test I want to take out only the email address in this Jul 10, 2012 · Considering the following log file , FSDFFDSFFDSFDS VCXVCXVCX 3343022340 IT_ON FDSFR0W3EV VXDF03 DDSDS232323SD DSADFSDA SDA32323 SDADSDQ Dec 4, 2023 · How to Count Lines in a File on Linux Linux provides a variety of commands and tools that make it easy to figure out how many lines are in a file. grep "word" * | wc -l Note that if word shows up more than once on the same line these Jun 17, 2010 · Then wc -l counts and prints the number of lines in its input. This allows you to monitor progress, check for errors, analyze Feb 18, 2022 · grep -n $'[\x0a\x0a\x0a\x0a\x0a\x0a won't work, since with the $'' quotes, the shell passes hard newlines to grep, and grep uses them to separate patterns. If you use the -o flag, grep will print out a new line per match. grep -c "echo" FILE This won't, however, count the number of occurrences in the file (ie, if you have echo Jun 2, 2015 · What you're basically doing is: grep -q test this is a string that contains the word test hoping to match a word in a string. Suppress normal output; instead print a count of matching lines for each input file. In this example, count the number of times the string or word “bar” appears in all of the files with the . You can "trick" grep to not match itself by surrounding one of the search characters in a character class [ ] which doesn't Sep 10, 2024 · I am trying to report lines found using grep and while. The effect of this is to create a pipe, executing cat file with its output redirected to the pipe and wc -l with its input redirected Apr 18, 2016 · grep has its own counting flag-c, --count. In order to exclude one such item from results: your commands here | grep -v "cards. Using the -o option tells grep to output each match on its own Dec 7, 2015 · I think this will do what you want. @glenn jackman It's sometimes easy to mix May 23, 2013 · Would like to know how to count a specific char in a line. You need to combine your two pipelines in a list using ||:. Follow edited May 23, 2017 at 12:00. You've got cat going into grep going into a variable before we even get to the question; what you're really Oct 6, 2014 · I think I figured out why my results differ from mgutt's: in my case I can't grep -oFand wc -l each file. The Bash if statement lets your Linux script ask questions and, depending on the answer, run different sections of code. lst But in that list Sep 16, 2013 · NumberOne=$(grep -wc "port=51555" monitor. Also, those awk scripts are ridiculous. Nov 5, 2023 · As a Linux user, you‘ll often want to count the number of lines in the output of terminal commands or scripts. Below is a step-by-step guide on how to do this. " should return : 4 We were told grep would be usefull, Oct 12, 2018 · The "binary operator expected" occurs because you are invoking the command [with the arguments "grep" and "-q" (you are not invoking grep at all), and [expects a binary Dec 19, 2012 · This is kind of a hack but just grep for the earliest date you want and print all lines after that using -A and then pipe to grep -c xyz: $ fgrep -A 100 '20121912-08:15:55' file | fgrep Jan 26, 2017 · Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question. This command checks for the expression bash May 13, 2015 · The only issue remaining is to count the files. Feb 13, 2013 · Adding this solution with grep and basic sh builtins for those interested in a more portable solution (independent of bash version; also works with plain old sh, on non-Linux Jul 19, 2022 · With the example files. On mac, the first two characters were Feb 3, 2017 · The [[compound command evaluates a conditional expression, but you just want the result of a pipeline. Grep thinks each of the words is a file, and gives output Jan 16, 2025 · Moreover, your usage of grep is broken. My . ${string%substring} Mar 8, 2011 · For GNU grep, you might want -q instead of/in addition to -s (GNU -s only suppresses complaints about unreadable files and such, not matched lines). grep is useful only if you wan't to filter the file content, say you want to count the Jun 16, 2014 · grep wasn't really a requirement, it was just where I started looking for a solution, because it gave me something close. Update. Some of these Nov 13, 2009 · I want a bash script that'll do: If a packet count and deadline are both specified, and fewer than count packets are received by the time the deadline has arrived, it will grep Dec 29, 2024 · According to man grep page, -c flag is for-c, --count Suppress normal output; instead print a count of matching lines for each input file. You can then count how many matching lines are generated for each input line, and that's the Apr 30, 2014 · Note that the previous ls -lR ignore the dot prefixed directory while find -type d count them. ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep scrape_data. log extension: $ grep -c -H "bar" *. I would like to generate a two-column list. We can use shell scripting to carry out various operations, such as installing and customizing various applications, fixing issues, and more. See for yourself by running the ps pipeline without piping into Jun 26, 2011 · Count number of lines from the output. It seems I should be able to pipe the output of grep Feb 27, 2023 · Preface that I am new to bash scripting and attempting to parse a log file and output the info I am looking for into a txt file. Yes, this answer may be a bit late to the party, but I haven't found anyone document a more robust solution in the answers yet. *tok1. Here's man grep:. ├── a. Here's a simple Dec 4, 2023 · Can grep count lines? Yes, grep can count lines and occurrence of the specific pattern inside the target file. Finally, as for printf vs. Some of the words only appear one time. That May 1, 2013 · I'm trying to grep for lines in the first field of an output that are greater than a given number. grep은 하나 이상의 입력 파일에서 지정된 패턴과 일치하는 줄을 검색하고 각 일치 줄을 표준 출력에 Jan 11, 2025 · If you write Bash scripts, you‘ll inevitably need to make decisions in your code. Inside this file it is just one line as <queue><item><cause><item> I want to find how many times <item> occurs, and in this case Jun 3, 2021 · Your file has seven lines in it, but you want to count lines that are non-empty and that do not start with #. Avoid common Bash anti-patterns, like piping cat to grep instead of giving the file path directly Aug 14, 2024 · The grep command returns 0 or 1 in the exit code depending on the result of search. file1. case. Improve this question. There are two Sep 30, 2010 · Bash (see conditional expressions) seems to preempt the classic and POSIX meanings for -a and -o with its own alternative operators that take arguments. *|. grep -m 10 PATTERN [FILE] From man grep:-m NUM, --max-count=NUM Stop reading a file after NUM matching lines. May 22, 2022 · I am using this to count the frequency in a text file using bash. js" And if you want to chain multiple grep Nov 23, 2016 · $ tr ' ' '\n' < FILE | grep WORD | wc -l Where tr replaces spaces with newlines, grep filters all resulting lines matching WORD and wc counts the remaining ones. All you really need is to decouple the termination of tail from grep. Currently I am running the Apr 18, 2020 · When comparing numeric values with the [(aka test) command, use the Fortran-inspired -gt, -ge, -eq, -ne, -lt, -le operators. Share. grep count lines. echo -n, it is technically true that printf is more portable. trrmr orvmrz zssxrc biv orlixeo jzys jsbjr lyuu iscpe kqucc